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At Dentsu Lab Tokyo, we call people who express themselves using technology "Creative Technologists." In this series, we interview Creative Technologists worldwide about their work and creations, exploring what new forms of expression emerge from technology.

 

An Artist Pursuing "Poetic Code Expression"
Zach Lieberman

FollowingAaron Koblin, who tells stories through technology, and Casey Reese, who paints through programming, we spoke with Zack Lieberman, an artist in creative coding. He is known as one of the developers of the creative coding environment "openFrameworks". His past projects include the " EyeWriter Project," which allows graffiti artists diagnosed with ALS to create graffiti using only their eye movements, and the "iQ Font," a font created using Toyota's iQ car. Beyond creating works, he also runs the "School for Poetic Computation," a creative coding school in New York.

(※1) openFrameworks is a programming environment developed by Zach Lieberman and others. It is widely used for expression through programming.
(From left) Mr. Kida, Mr. Lieberman

What is Creative Coding?

Kida: First, could you tell us about creative coding?

Zack: For example, when writing text, there are various ways to do it. Among those, I think there's the act of writing text creatively. In American universities, there are actual classes called "Creative Writing" where you learn expression through writing. Creative coding is an extension of that concept—it's the act of creating art or exploring new forms of expression by writing software.

Kida: Your works, the "EyeWriter Project" and "iQ Font," are very famous in the world of creative coding.

EyeWriter Project
Tony Quan, a legendary graffiti artist from Los Angeles, was diagnosed with ALS (※2) in 2003. Zack developed a tracking device for him that allowed him to create graffiti art using only his eye movements. Graffiti art Tony actually drew with his eye movements was projected onto building walls, enabling Tony's creative expression once again.

(※2) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurological disease where muscles in the limbs, throat, tongue, and those necessary for breathing gradually atrophy. The brain's commands to move the limbs fail to transmit, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. Meanwhile, bodily sensations, vision, hearing, and organ functions remain fully intact.
iQ Font
A project where professional racing drivers pilot Toyota's iQ to draw fonts. The iQ's unparalleled precision control and software that faithfully tracks the vehicle's trajectory bring various fonts to life.

Kida: These works seem to pursue not just creating something visually new, but exploring what creative possibilities exist through software.

Zack: To be honest, I have reservations about the "creative" part of "creative coding." Because the moment you add "creative," it implies that coding itself isn't creative. Whether there's a visual element or not, the act of using code to create something new is fundamentally the same.

Kida: I think openFrameworks has made the activity of writing code and expressing ideas more commonplace. Could you tell us about openFrameworks?

Zack: Sure. To get a bit technical, openFrameworks is a toolkit built with C++, likely the most widely used general-purpose programming language, serving as a framework for creating art and experimental works. We made it open source so artists worldwide who want to express themselves through code can use it.

 

A School for Poetic Coding

Kida: Zack, you also run a computer school in New York called the "School for Poetic Computation" (literally, "a school for learning to use computers poetically"), which focuses on expression through code. Could you tell us about that?

School for Poetic Computation
A school founded in 2013. Students learn code, electronics, and design in an interdisciplinary way through projects. They recruit students each semester, and students come from all over the world.

Zach: The School for Poetic Computation has been around for three years now. Let me tell you about how it started. I was originally teaching at Parsons School of Design, but I was deeply dissatisfied with the American university system. Teaching itself was pure joy, but I grew weary of the politics within the university. Another source of frustration was the skyrocketing cost of American university tuition. Parsons was no exception. Watching tuition rise made me wonder: Was there something I could do myself? I discovered others sharing this vision, began thinking about what kind of curriculum I would create, and from there, the school's name emerged.

Kida: The name "Poetic" for the school is incredibly striking.

Zack: Yes, we thought about that a lot together. We used the term "Poetic Computation" as another way to describe creative coding. We could certainly have called what we aimed for "creative coding." But, as I touched on earlier, I felt very uneasy about how the word "creative" was being used.

Kida: So the moment you added "creative," there was a risk of creating a dichotomy—labeling things as creative or not creative.

Zack: Exactly. As we continued discussing with colleagues, the name "Poetic Computation" came up. Upon reflection, linking the act of coding with the act of writing poetry struck me as a really good idea. Writing poetry involves arranging appropriate words within a certain structure, which shares similarities with programming. Poetry is also an elevated form of expression, transcending the language we normally speak. We wanted to view the act of programming in a similar light.

Some people hear the name "School of Poetic Computation" and can't immediately picture what it entails. But that's perfectly fine. Because that very question is where the conversation begins. Poetry and code? What could that mean? We want our students to ask precisely those kinds of questions.

The "School of Poetic Computation" is a 10-week curriculum structured around three pillars: ① Computation, ② Electronics, and ③ Theory, within which various topics are explored. In American universities, the semester system (dividing the academic year into two terms) is standard, with each term typically lasting 15 weeks. We deliberately set this program at 10 weeks to accommodate international students. Since "School of Poetic Computation" is not a university, we cannot issue student visas to international participants. The 10-week duration allows students to complete the course within the timeframe permitted by a tourist visa for staying in the U.S.

Honestly, I think 10 weeks is just the right length. It gives students time to experiment with different things during the term, and it's also the perfect duration for students to bond and build camaraderie. Staying up late, drinking wine with classmates, debating, staying curious, and learning with passion—that's my ideal. I created the school I wished I could have attended when I was a student.

Kida: Do you think the concepts of "poetry," "code," and "expression" could be applied to industries like advertising, where I work?

Zack: I believe it can be applied to any world, not just advertising. Specifically for the advertising industry, I think it's crucial to create an environment that allows for creative experimentation. Many clients seek things they can understand. However, when attempting art or creative work, it often involves a series of things that are hard to explain or difficult to grasp.

When creating new forms of expression, we must avoid simply following what's already been done and instead seek out what no one has ever done before. Striking the right balance here is incredibly difficult. Explaining something no one has ever done to a client is truly challenging. But if you can say to a client, "Would you like to aim for a new form of expression together?", then I believe that's when truly poetic expressions, things no one has ever seen before, can emerge.

Kida: I learned a lot today. Thank you very much!

 

[After the Interview]
Creating an Environment for New Expression

Zach Lieberman is both an artist and an educator. What stood out during our interview with him was the importance of collaborative creation with others. As introduced at the beginning, none of his works are created solely by him. For example, "iQ Font" involves a professional racing driver, and "EyeWriter Project" incorporates graffiti artists – these collaborations are essential to the works' existence. The environment at "School for Poetic Computation" is similar. For him, creating work isn't something done in isolation; it's about sharing ideas with others and building upon them, expanding them continuously.

He often speaks of "Do it with others" (DIWO). For instance, in the world of digital fabrication—using 3D printers or doing electronics—while it's "Do it yourself," collaboration with others (With Others) is actually essential. Through online and workshop interactions with people sharing common interests—in other words, "doing it with others"—close-knit communities are nurtured, ideas spread, and new creations emerge. I also think the open-source nature of the creative coding environment openFrameworks is significant. Much of the source code for his works is freely available, allowing anyone to examine it. It's precisely this attitude that inspires other artists and fosters a community that collaboratively cultivates and creates works and various experiments.

 

Full version of this article here

 

 

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Author

Zack Lieberman

Zack Lieberman

Founder of the School for Poetic Computation in New York, a school dedicated to exploring the poetic potential of code. He was named one of Fast Company's 100 Most Creative People in Business, won the Golden Nica (gold prize) in the Interactive Art category at Ars Electronica, received the Design Museum (London) Annual Interactive Design Award, and was featured in Time magazine's Best Inventions of the Year. While creating artworks through coding, he developed openFrameworks, an open-source C++ toolkit for creative coding.

Togo Kida

Togo Kida

Dentsu Inc.

Born in Nagoya in 1985. Intended to study cutting-edge CG in the U.S., but somehow ended up dabbling in media art and graduated from UCLA's Design | Media Arts program in 2007. Joined Dentsu Inc. the same year. After working in the Sales Division, currently belongs to Dentsu Lab Tokyo. Has handled various clients including automotive, aviation, precision instruments, beverages, and publishing companies. Favorite programming language is Processing.

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